all living cells, virtually from the beginning of life on earth, have used what is referred to as a proton-pump to move nutrients, elements and molecules within and between them. fuel-cell engineers have developed their fuel-cells with components that can be used as a proton-pump without truly appreciating that potential. current technology, for refrigeration and heat-pumps, uses compressor-motors to circulate often harmful, ozone-unfriendly refrigerants. our team has developed technology that is essentially a proton-pump that can circulate green refrigerants, without the need for a motor. this means refrigeration can be highly efficient, green and noiseless. we intend to develop, and mass-produce, a range of products that will displace existing electro-mechanical compressors with our electro-chemical “kuel-cell” compressors. learn more here.