{"id":12197,"date":"2018-06-04t12:18:00","date_gmt":"2018-06-04t12:18:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dpetrov.2create.studio\/planet\/wordpress\/two-very-different-communities-in-panama-face-the-same-major-challenge-climate-change\/"},"modified":"2023-03-07t19:39:37","modified_gmt":"2023-03-07t19:39:37","slug":"guna-ancient-culture-modern","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/\/www.getitdoneaz.com\/story\/guna-ancient-culture-modern\/","title":{"rendered":"two very different communities in panama face the same major challenge: climate change"},"content":{"rendered":"<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>by&nbsp;luodan rojas<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">separated by miles of ocean and a 2-hour drive, or a 50-mile hike,&nbsp;through the jungle, guna yala and kalu yala are&nbsp;two of panama\u2019s most sustainable communities.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">guna yala, part of the san blas&nbsp;islands in the caribbean, and kalu yala, a commune in the interior jungle, differ drastically in not only their locations, but also in contrasting heritages, culture, and history. what the two do share in common are beliefs and practices that revere the environment.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">the guna people, one of the country\u2019s eight main indigenous groups live on the guna yala islands as an independent province off the coast of northeast panama. more than 360 small islands make up the guna archipelago, but only about 50 are actually inhabited and many of which welcome tourists.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">the stark contrast between mainland panama and guna yala is apparent even before setting foot on the islands. the water, astonishingly clear and filled with marine life, combined with white sands and palm trees make the perfect vacation spot. what is not immediately apparent, however, is the deeply rooted culture and traditions of the guna people who consider the islands sacred. &nbsp;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">according to aresio valiente l\u00f3pez, a guna environmental lawyer and professor fighting for indigenous rights, one distinguishing characteristic of guna yala&nbsp;is their right of self-government as an autonomous province.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">a major component of the guna culture is the unique relationship with their environment, which can be seen through much of the artworks and traditional clothing made by guna people.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u201cmost of the native american communities in the americas are very, very close to the land and to the mountains and to the sea and to the environment in general. the kuna people are not far from that,\u201d said diwigdi \u201cdiwi\u201d valiente, a 28-year-old guna environmental activist and entrepreneur.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">while some aspects of guna cultural beliefs regarding the environment may align with the western concept of sustainability, they are not the same given their contrasting origins, usages, and connection to their respective cultures.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u201cthere is supposed to be one prophet \u2013 similar to jesus \u2013 that taught us how to behave like humans,\u201d valiente said, \u201cwe have this religion and way of thinking where we not only have the mother earth, but also the (father)&nbsp;sun.\u201d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">delfino davies, museum guide on the guna yala city island of carti sugtupu, explained that the dual aspect of mother and father is one of the most central aspects of guna religion. couplings are present everywhere in guna life and culture; all places and objects are assigned either female or male.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"image\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"768\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/img_8071 copy.jpg\" \/><figcaption>the mola pictured here is displayed in the museum of guna yala\u2019s city island. molas depict spiritual symbols are also popular handcrafted souvenirs sold on many guna islands. (luodan rojas\/medill)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">davies describes this coupling pattern that shows up distinctly in molas, the guna\u2019s traditional artwork sewed into a square of cloth, later made into clothing for guna women. molas typically have a geometric element to them and reflect designs from guna legends and culture.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">the guna\u2019s distinctive cultural beliefs are closely connected to their beliefs about climate change, or in some cases, lack thereof.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">valiente explains that many guna do not have opinions about climate change, simply because they don\u2019t have sufficient access to information on the topic. many people in guna yala also don\u2019t consider issues caused by climate change to be anything more than fluctuations in the weather, though they are seasonal witnesses to the increasing flooding linked to sea level rise as glaciers melt in polar regions.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u201chere, in the islands: there are months when the islands get completely flooded. you have water up to your ankles. imagine living for a month like that. there (are)&nbsp;people that still believe that\u2019s because of nature itself,\u201d&nbsp;valiente&nbsp;said.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">abelardo \u201ctito\u201d nu\u00f1ez davies, 40, who resides on small pelican island island with his mother and nephews, notes matter-of-factly that his family\u2019s guna island is shrinking. the house, once in the center of the place, now flanks the sea. \u201cwhat can i say? we\u2019re here because of the grace of god.\u201d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">nu\u00f1ez also explains that although he and his family have had to temporarily relocate to nearby islands during big storms, they haven\u2019t even thought about permanently moving.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"image\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"680\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/tito house.jpg\" \/><figcaption>tito nu\u00f1ez davies lives with his mother and nephews, who live in the only house on pelican island pictured here. not long ago, the island itself was significantly bigger and the family\u2019s house was in the center of it. (alex schwartz\/medill)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">valiente sees climate change through a different lens as his people are disproportionately affected by it. \u201cit\u2019s super frustrating. it\u2019s even worse because you try to explain (to)&nbsp;people climate change and they don\u2019t understand it because they are not causing it,&#8221; he said.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">&#8220;panama doesn\u2019t produce anything; we are a country of service. a country that did not contribute to climate change at all.\u201d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">panama, as a developing country, does not hold much historical responsibility for the human-induced climate change present on the planet today given the country\u2019s almost nonexistent role in industrialization. panama is slowly becoming more developed but is still largely a country of service, with tourism as one of its biggest industries.<\/p>\n<p>the tourism industry in guna yala has boomed so much in recent years to the point where it now contributes 80% of their income. this large percentage begs the question of how sustainable tourism can be in the long run.<\/p>\n<p>developing tourism options based on the mainland and seeking new directions for the economy are critical, said&nbsp;l\u00f3pez, the&nbsp;guna environmental lawyer. he explains that the guna congress recently created a mixed enterprise in which people can buy shares for the first time. \u201cbefore, all the enterprises that the congress had were private, but now they created a transportation company that\u2019s 60% owned by the institution and it\u2019s 40% available\u2026 for sale for everyone.\u201d now the island residents will receive benefits from profits of all the boat traffic to the islands, he noted.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"image\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"768\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/img_6482.jpg\" \/><figcaption>diwi valiente (right) has followed in his father, aresio valiente l\u00f3pez\u2019s (left) footsteps. they both fight for environmental and indigenous rights. l\u00f3pez is only the second indigenous professor in his faculty. (luodan rojas\/medill)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">however, many guna hold strong ties to their beliefs and are not easily subjected to change from outside influence.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u201ca lot of people tend to go and sort of pass judgment on them like \u2018oh their towns are so dirty and stuff,\u2019\u201d says panamanian architect ricardo arosemena. &#8220;but my response to that is: they could keep living exactly like that for a million years and they wouldn&#8217;t destroy anything and the way that we live \u2014&nbsp;maybe you don&#8217;t see any garbage but we just destroy everything.\u201d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u201ci mean, we have a culture that survived colonization from the spaniards. we are much more than the caribbean. and that\u2019s something that we have not been able to explore and take advantage of as much as we could,\u201d valiente said.<\/p>\n<p>valiente is different from many other guna. he works in mainland panama with a primary focus in the sustainability industry and&nbsp;he also studied hospitality management and international business tourism at the c\u00e9sar ritz college in switzerland.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">currently, valiente works with bodhi hostels, a business whose mission is to \u201cinspire and encourage sustainable ways of living and travel.\u201d valiente and his business partner, allan lim, recently opened up a new hostel location in kalu yala, a growing eco-city in the panamanian jungle.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">keeping kalu yala\u2019s mission in mind, lim and valiente incorporate sustainable practices into the creation and maintenance of their new hostel. in addition to using solar energy, \u201cwe try to apply all the cleaning practices that are organic: we use vinegar and water to clean,\u201d lim said. the partnership also hires only local panamanians to work in their hostels.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">in the words of the town\u2019s ceo and creator, jimmy stice, kalu yala was founded with the intention to \u201cbuild a new town that proves that civilization can live in a socially and environmentally responsible way.\u201d<\/p>\n<figure class=\"image\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"680\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/jimmy.jpg\" \/><figcaption>in january 2006, kalu yala founders jimmy stice, above, along with scott romsa&nbsp;and kimberly hall selected panama to be the location of a new community dedicated to sustainability. (alex schwartz\/medill)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">kalu yala\u2019s mission is similar to the cultural beliefs of the guna people, in that both are environmentally conscious and structured around a sense of community. the eco-city\u2019s name actually has guna origins, kalu meaning \u201chouse of spirits, and yala meaning \u201cland\u201d or \u201cmountain.\u201d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">although kalu yala is very modern and the guna culture has been present for centuries, valiente is a bridge between these two communities, being the first guna person to work at kalu yala, but hopefully not the last.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">just like in the guna islands, there are clear signs of tourism booming in kalu yala. in addition to the new bodhi hostel, there also are plans to build permanent residences in the eco-city.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"image\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"768\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/img_6583 copy.jpg\" \/><figcaption>the new residences, like most of the other construction in kalu yala, is made from a wood called amargo amargo, meaning \u201cbitter bitter.\u201d the wood is sustainably harvested from deep water, where forestry was flooded by the creation of the canal. (luodan rojas\/medill)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u201cwe&#8217;ll start introducing the small houses which will allow for people who want to sleep on a real mattress so $150 nights is also inclusive, just like $13 a night is inclusive,\u201d stice said.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">in addition to the small houses, kalu yala plans to build larger charleston-style homes and attract permanent residents as well.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u201cso i think we&#8217;ll be back up to 200 people by the end of next year,\u201d with interns and staff, stice said. with guests and hotel tourists, he anticipates a community of about 300. \u201cand then we&#8217;ll actually introduce home sales in 2020 or 2021, and we&#8217;ll start adding maybe 50 full-time residents a year based on that.\u201d<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">with all this new construction and development in kalu yala, it will be interesting to see how the community can still incorporate their sustainability values into these plans, and what they will do to potentially offset their emissions.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p dir=\"ltr\">separated by miles of ocean and&nbsp;a 2-hour drive, or a 50-mile hike,&nbsp;through the jungle, guna yala and kalu yala are&nbsp;two of panama\u2019s most sustainable communities, but they also are starkly different. medill&#8217;s&nbsp;luodan rojas reports.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9417,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4905,4916,4911],"tags":[3715,4001,3786,1608,81,3360],"storyfest_categories":[],"class_list":["post-12197","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-adaptation","category-climate","category-natural-disasters","tag-ecotourism","tag-guna-yala","tag-kalu-yala","tag-off-grid-living","tag-sustainability","tag-sustainable-living"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- this site is optimized with the yoast seo plugin v23.8 - 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