a monarch butterfly flits from a swamp milkweed bloom to a cone of blue pickerelweed flowers, while other butterflies fly above the mass of wetland vegetation. spiderwebs hang lazily between stalks of softstem bulrush, and the heat of midsummer causes frogs resting at the edge of the wetland to dive deeper and cool themselves. birds trill in surrounding forest while insects hum and water trickles continuously into the green pool. this idyllic scene is made of waste.<\/p>\n
established as a collaborative research project between the university of georgia and the university of the south, a suite of professors, undergraduates, and graduate students constructed these wetlands in 2016 to discover whether or not they could be a cost-effective way to remove pharmaceuticals from wastewater.<\/p>\n
dug out of what was historically a barren garbage heap, this pond, and two more beside it, are continually filled and drained with wastewater from the sewanee utility district. sud, as it\u2019s locally known, is a water treatment facility for franklin and marion counties in tennessee. a few meters away from these wetlands are three huge lagoons of wastewater. sud filters water through the lagoons one at a time, using bacteria, algae, and microorganisms to process waste, while the wetlands \u201cpolish off\u201d this treated water using larger freshwater vegetation. once the water has taken its 75-day trip through all three lagoons, it\u2019s sprayed across 62 acres of surrounding forest, a relatively common practice called \u201cland application.\u201d the sprayed water is up to epa standards, but the epa\u2019s wastewater policy doesn\u2019t address pharmaceutical pollution.<\/p>\n
pharmaceuticals are a water quality concern globally: \u201cif you live downstream from a city that\u2019s discharging their treated wastewater effluent into a river, and you draw your municipal drinking water from that river, you are getting a cocktail of low concentrations of pharmaceutical compounds,\u201d explains dr. deb mcgrath, a biology professor for sewanee and one of the heads of the constructed wetland project.<\/p>\n
on top of the cumberland plateau and downstream from no one, pharmaceuticals haven\u2019t been a major concern for the sud or sewanee residents until recently. in the past ten years alone, sewanee has experienced two fifty-year droughts that nearly dried up neighboring towns completely. weather patterns have become more variable as the effects of climate change intensify, and communities across the globe are shifting to a precedent of water scarcity with intermittent events of extreme flooding.<\/p>\n
ben beavers, the director of the sud, is concerned by this. at a public panel on water research and business in sewanee, beavers said that the most important water-related issue he faces is having enough source water. trying not to sound too foreboding, he told the audience: \u201cwe may or may not have enough water in the future, so we are continually planning for that.\u201d<\/p>\n
for many, these wetlands are the solution: outside of atlanta, georgia, over 263 acres of wetlands polish off the pharmaceuticals found in clayton county\u2019s treated wastewater, and recycle up to 17.4 million gallons of water a day for the city. during the second-worst drought in georgia history in 2007, clayton county was able to keep their raw reservoirs of water at 77% capacity, all because of their sustainable water cycle.<\/p>\n
these wetlands are effective on large scales, but mcgrath and dr. ron carroll are concerned with the efficacy of these projects on a smaller scale; could they be implemented in small water treatment facilities, possibly saving rural areas from water scarcity in the future?<\/p>\n
so far, the preliminary data suggests so. nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, as well as e. coli colonies, decrease substantially as they pass through the three wetlands, making the water quality well within tennessee\u2019s standards for fish and aquatic life. since 2016, they\u2019ve tracked over 30 pharmaceutical compounds, and mcgrath assured that \u201cpreliminary research, both at larger scales and even at our wetland, shows that wetland processes–and especially the combination of plants, bacteria, and light–are pretty effective at breaking down a lot of these.\u201d<\/p>\n
if their data suggests significant improvement in water quality, smaller water treatment centers across the united states and even globally can implement water recycling through constructed wetlands, without sacrificing over 60 acres of land.<\/p>\n
\u201cif we can show that wetland processes, liter for liter of water are more effective per unit of land, it\u2019d be something municipalities would be very interested in adopting.\u201d<\/p>\n
although the research seems hopeful, dr. deborah mcgrath and uga environmental lawyer dr. laurie fowler are also dealing with the public face of the project. the public outreach campaign that surrounds the constructed wetlands ranges from an informational website to hosting field days for local adults, as well as high and elementary school students, inviting them to visit and learn about the wetlands.<\/p>\n
sewanee\u2019s water system is incredibly pure. most residents have the luxury of knowing exactly where their drinking water comes from, and many are within walking distance to at least one of the rain-fed reservoirs in town. with most of the local population aware of their drinking water\u2019s uncorrupted history, there has been some resistance to the idea of willingly using wastewater as a drinking source.<\/p>\n
mcgrath and fowler have been working to counteract that negativity by showing the public the intrinsic beauty that the wetlands can have; dressed with native freshwater vegetation, butterflies, a booming presence of amphibians and birds, the wetlands could be considered one of the most beautiful pockets of biodiversity on campus.<\/p>\n
in order to create sustainable water systems for a likely water-scarce future, the public\u2019s conceptual approach to wastewater needs to shift from disgust to at least begrudging acceptance. backed by research and the aesthetic of a healthy wetland, mcgrath hopes this project can achieve that.<\/p>\n
\u201cpeople think a lot about the glass of water that they drink, but they don\u2019t think anything about where their water goes after they\u2019ve used it. it\u2019s a huge link to sustainable water use. these wetlands are as much an educational and outreach facility as they are a research facility.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
researchers from sewanee and the university of georgia test wetlands as a means to treat wastewater in the face of a water-scarce future.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9596,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4900,5196,4904],"tags":[435,591,3477,466,37,2439],"storyfest_categories":[],"class_list":["post-12266","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-green-living","category-past-storyfest","category-water","tag-clean-water","tag-storyfest","tag-urban-design","tag-wastewater","tag-water","tag-water-supply"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n